xayawaan

by Injineer Delta / Jimco, 25 Maarso 2016 / Published in wax cayriin

Bedelida aashitada loo yaqaan 'Elophthalic acid' (midig) oo leh aaladda loo yaqaan 'isophthalic acid' (dhexda) waxay abuurtaa kink silsilad PET ah, oo faragalin ku sameysa qaylada iyo hoos u dhigida dhibcaha dhalaalka ee polymer.

Copolymers

Intaa waxaa dheer in saafi (isqaba) PET, PET wax laga beddelay iskaashatada sidoo kale waa la heli karaa.

Xaaladaha qaarkood, guryaha wax laga beddelay ee copolymer ayaa aad ugu baahan dalabka qaaska ah. Tusaale ahaan, cyclohexane dimethanol (CHDM) waxaa lagu dari karaa laf-dhabarta polymer halka ay ku taal glycol ethylene. Maaddaama buundadan dhismuhu ay aad uga ballaadhan tahay (6 atamyo dheeraad ah oo kaarboon ah) marka loo eego unugga 'ethylene glycol' ee ay beddelayso, kuma habboona silsiladaha deriska ah sida ay unugga 'ethylene glycol' u noqon lahayd. Tani waxay faragelineysaa crystallization waxayna hoos u dhigeysaa heerkulka dhalaalaya polymerka. Guud ahaan, PET-kan oo kale waxaa loo yaqaan PETG ama PET-G (Polyethylene terephthalate glycol-modified; Eastman Chemical, SK Chemicals, iyo Artenius Italia waa qaar kamid ah soo saarayaasha PETG). PETG waa kuleyl cad oo kuleyliye ah oo la isku duro karo ama xaashi laga soo saari karo. Waxay noqon kartaa midab inta lagu guda jiro ka shaqeynta.

Waxyaale kale oo caadi ah waa aashitada loo yaqaan 'isophthalic acid', badalaya qaar ka mid ah 1,4- (tusaale) iskuxiran terephthalate cutubyo. 1,2- (ortho-) ama 1,3- (gool-) isku xirku wuxuu soo saaraa xagal silsiladda, taas oo sidoo kale khalkhal gelisa mugga.

Copolymers noocan oo kale ah ayaa faa'iido u leh codsiyada qaabeynta qaarkood, sida kuleylka, kaas oo loo isticmaalo tusaale si looga sameeyo taraaf ama xirmooyin xirmooyinka filimka co-PET, ama xaashida PET-ka (A-PET) ama xaashida PETG. Dhanka kale, qaylo-dhaansigu wuxuu muhiim u yahay dalabyada kale halkaasoo farsamo ahaan iyo xasillooni ahaan ay muhiim yihiin, sida suumanka kuraasta. Loogu talagalay dhalooyinka PET, isticmaalka qaddar yar oo ah aaladda loo yaqaan 'isophthalic acid, CHDM, glyhyl glycol (DEG) ama kuwa kale ee loo yaqaan 'comonomers' kale ayaa faa'iido yeelan kara: haddii qadar yar oo loo yaqaan 'comonomers' la isticmaalo, qaylo-dhaanta ayaa gaabis ah laakiin gebi ahaanba laga hortagin. Sidaas darteed, dhalooyinka waxaa lagu heli karaa iyada oo loo marayo fidinta dharbaaxada ("SBM"), oo labaduba cad oo kristal ah oo ku filan inay noqdaan caqabad ku filan aagga iyo xitaa gaasaska, sida kaarboon dioxide ee cabitaannada kaarboon-ka ah.